Greenhouse gases
Greenhouse gases are substances in Earth’s surrounding that capture heat. While they permit sunlight to pass through the atmosphere and avoid heat from departure it, greenhouse gases are the main greenhouse gases. These are the main greenhouse gases:
These gases can stay in the atmosphere for a variety of times, from a limited months to many years. These gases can remain in the atmosphere for long enough to mix well, so the amount of each gas in the atmosphere is approximately the similar everywhere, regardless of where it came from.
- Carbon dioxide(CO2)
- Methane(CH4)
- Nitrous oxide(N2O)
- Chlorofluorocarbons(CFCs)
- Water vapor
- Ozone(O3)
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Carbon dioxide is introduced to the atmosphere by combusting fossil fuels like coal, natural gas and oil, as well as through certain chemical reactions, such as the production of cement. When carbon dioxide is captivated by plants, it is called “sequestered” or removed from the atmosphere.
Transportation includes domestic transport sources like highway and customer automobiles and air travel and marine transport.
Different types of fossil fuels that are used to produce electricity discharge different amounts CO 2. To produce the same quantity of electricity as natural gas or oil, coal will produce more CO 2 than either natural gas nor oil.
Many industrial procedures produce CO 2 from fossil fuel depletion. Many industrial processes also emit CO 2 through chemical reactions that don’t include combustion. These include the making mineral products like cement, iron and steel production, and the production and sale of chemicals. As carbon dioxide is produced by microorganisms and plants and is absorbed by animals, it is continuously replaced between the atmosphere, oceans, and land surfaces. These natural procedures tend to balance the CO 2 emissions and removal, except for anthropogenic impacts.
Methane (CH4)
Methane can be derived from many sources including human doings like coal mining, natural gas production, distribution and waste decay at landfills and digestion in livestock and agriculture. The termite dunes and swamps are natural sources of methane. As part of their normal digestion process, domestic livestock like cattle, sheep, swine and goats produce CH 4. The production of CH 4 occurs when animal manure is kept in holding tanks or lagoons. These emissions are human-related because these animals are raised for food or other purposes.
Natural gas is primarily composed of methane. Methane is released to the atmosphere in the process of producing, handling, storing and transmission of natural gas as well as the making, modification and transference of crude oil. CH 4 is furthermore produced by coal mining. A variety of natural sources also emit methane. Natural wetlands emit the most methane, emitting CH 4 from bacteria which decay organic material in the absence oxygen. Termites, oceans and sediments, as well as volcanoes and wildfires are smaller sources.
Nitrous oxide (N2O)
Nitrous Oxide is produced during industrial and agricultural activities as well as burning of solid litters and fossil fuels. Many agricultural soil management activities can lead to the formation of nitrous oxide, including application of organic and synthetic fertilizers, management of dung and combustion of agricultural remains.
Nitrous Oxide is produced when fuels are burnt. The type of fuel used, the maintenance and operating procedures, as well as the amount of N 2O that is emitted, will determine how much.
Nitrogen oxide can also be produced by treatment of domestic wastewater, which results in the nitrification or de-nitrification. Natural nitrous oxide emissions are caused by many factors, including the nitrogen cycle. This is the normal flow of nitrogen between the atmosphere, plants and animals. The nitrogen cycle is made up of many chemical forms, including N 2O. N 2O is primarily a result of bacteria reducing nitrogen in earths or the waters. When nitrogen oxide is absorbed or damaged by ultraviolet radiation, chemical reactions or other means, it is eliminated from the atmosphere.
Chlorofluorocarbons
The greenhouse gases that are most important to us include chlorofluorocarbons, hydro fluorocarbons and per fluorocarbons. All CFCs and HFCs as well as PFCs were created by humans and cannot be produced by other processes than ours. Non-poisonous and non-combustible chemicals that have atoms carbon, chlorine, fluorine, chlorofluorocarbons are called CFCs. They are used as solvents, refrigerants, and blowing agents for foams.
Halocarbons, which are carbon-based compounds, contain chlorine, fluorine and bromine. Chlorofluorocarbons are compounds that contain only carbon, chlorine and fluorine. The 60-year-old history of chlorofluorocarbons is primarily industrial. The destruction of stratospheric oxygen is also possible with the help of chlorofluorocarbons, which are extremely strong greenhouse gases. These compounds are most commonly used in cooling systems and air conditioners, in spray cans and other similar products, and in industrial solvents. Although they are much less common than carbon dioxide, chlorofluorocarbons can be found in the atmosphere for up to 45 to 100 years.
There are many other gases that trap heat in the atmosphere. Water vapor is one example. Ozone can trap heat in the atmosphere.
